Effectiveness of the Plasma Neutralization Technology for Supertoxicants

Abstract

The plasma neutralization technology for the products of thermal waste processing—supertoxicants (polychlorinated dibenzodioxines, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, etc.)—is investigated. The problem of supertoxicants formation in the process of thermal processing for household and industrial waste of different composition is identified. To solve this problem, we propose the use of plasma generators in environmental technologies, in which due to the high-energy plasma effect on substances of different phase compositions, their deep decomposition (plasma incineration—”burning”) occurs. Known methods of thermal neutralization of dioxins are considered. Temperature approximations of the decomposition time for dioxins in the temperature range of plasma heating are found. Efficiency criteria of plasma heating and neutralization are introduced. The modernized design of the plasma torch for utilization of gaseous waste of supertoxicants processing is offered. The gas-dynamic parameters of the air-plasma flow in the process of thermal heating by a plasma jet are determined by the methods of mathematical modeling. Efficiency of the considered technology of plasma incineration is proved. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.